Family Law
Simple Divorce
Divorce in North Carolina is based on separation for one year. Neither
party has to prove that there is any fault. You simply have to state to
the Court that they have, in fact, lived separate and apart for one year.
To file for divorce in North Carolina, you must have resided in North Carolina
for at least six months. It is not necessary for the other party to live
in North Carolina for a simple divorce. If, however, you wish to file for
any other marital claims, then your spouse must live in North Carolina.
Please note that you may need forms specific for your particular county
(notably Wake and Durham counties). If this is the case, your clerk or case
manager will probably be happy to help provide those forms. Otherwise, the
process below will give you enough to file on your own. In addition, please
note that as the law may change at any time regarding divorce, you should
always consult an attorney before proceeding with filing for a divorce on
your own.
HINT!! Be polite and respectful when dealing with the clerks and court
staff.
The Process
1. Filing the Complaint
To initiate a divorce in North Carolina, one simply needs to file a complaint.
Your complaint will set forth that you reside in North Carolina, your date
of marriage, date of separation, and that you have actually lived separate
and apart. You will sign the Complaint in the presence of a notary. Make
two copies of the original.
When you file your divorce, you must bring a Domestic
Cover Sheet and three copies of the Summons.
The domestic cover sheet is a form that should be provided to make the process
easier for the Clerk's office. The Summons is an important document that
informs your spouse that you have filed a divorce action against them.
Once you have your paperwork prepared, go to your Clerk's office to file.
You will need to bring cash or certified funds in the amount of $165.00
payable to the Clerk of Superior Court of your county (the amount changes
frequently so you may want to bring some extra cash in case it has gone
up since we published this info). You should take the original and two copies
of the Complaint, three summonses, and a domestic cover sheet. The clerk
will take your paperwork and return two summonses and two copies of the
complaint.
2. Service of Process
Service of Process is one of the most important parts of filing a case.
It gives the Defendant official notice that a divorce has been filed. You
must give notice in such a way that you can prove that the Defendant actually
received the notice.
There are three ways to accomplish service.
a. By Sheriff. The Sheriff of the County where the Defendant
resides may serve the summons and complaint. Generally, the charge for this
service is $15.00. If you wish to do this, contact the Sheriff's office
in the Defendant's county. Once service has been accomplished, then the
Sheriff will alert the Clerk's office. You must check with the Clerk's office
regularly after attempting this method to see when service has been completed.
b. Certified Mail. You may also send service via certified
mail. To do so, simply send a copy of the complaint and a summons to your
spouse via certified mail, return receipt requested. When the return receipt
comes back, fill in an Affidavit
of Service by Certified Mail. File the affidavit with return receipt
attached at the Clerk's office.
c. Publication. If you cannot locate your spouse after
a reasonable search, you may serve them by publishing a notice in a newspaper
of general circulation in the last place that they resided for three consecutive
weeks. Please note that this is a method of last resort and the Court will
be very careful before accepting this method. In addition, this method is
often very expensive, as much as $500 in publication costs. You should contact
an attorney before attempting this on your own.
You may also bypass the service process by having your spouse sign a Waiver
of Service. If your spouse is cooperative, then they may sign a document
waiving their right to be served and answer the complaint. This signed and
notarized document would then be filed at the Clerk's office.
3. Setting your case for trial
Once service has been accomplished, your spouse has 30 days to file an answer
to the complaint. Usually, in a simple divorce action, there is no need
to file an answer unless there is a disagreement about date of separation
or if your spouse wishes to make a marital claim (see Marital Claims section).
If there is no answer filed in thirty days (or if there is a signed waiver),
you may go to the Clerk's office and request a hearing date. When you go,
bring a Notice
of Hearing (with 2 copies). Durham and Wake Counties may have a different
form to use. The Clerk will give you a court date. You will fill out the
Notice of Hearing with this new date. Then file both the Motion
for Summary Judgment and the Notice of Hearing and send a copy to your
soon-to-be ex spouse.
4. Your Court Date
On your Court date, appear with three copies of the Judgment
Granting Absolute Divorce. The judge will call your case. You will need
to alert the Court that you are seeking an absolute divorce and there are
no outstanding issues to be resolved. The Court will call you to the witness
stand and begin to question you concerning your request. You will be asked
questions confirming the names of the parties, residence of the parties,
date of marriage, date of separation, whether you want to change your name,
and whether there are any outstanding issues of custody, property division,
or support.
Once this is finished, the Court will ask you for the Judgment forms. After
handing up the judgment forms to the judge, he/she will sign them and give
them to the Clerk. You will be asked to fill out a short form for the state's
Vital Records Department and then the Court will give you back two signed,
verified, divorce Orders. You should then keep one copy for your records
and send the other to your ex-spouse. Then congratulate yourself on a job
well done!
5. Why use an attorney?
The divorce process is a simple one where there are no issues of property
division, custody, or support. As you can see, anyone can do it on their
own and save the trouble of paying for an attorney. If, however, you would
want to save the aggravation of dealing with the Court System, your attorney
can do everything for you and you will never have to go to Court.
Contact DeWitt Law for assistance with your
simple divorce.